Healthcare | Genetic Counseling

What is a genetic counselor, and why do I need one?

Find out more about the role of genetic counselors and why you might consider talking to one

Genetic counselors are healthcare providers who specialize in genetics and can help you understand what test results mean for you and your family.

Genetic counseling is vital in understanding genetic testing and how results may inform your health. Consulting a genetic counselor can be helpful if you find yourself receiving a positive result, seeking clarity with negative results, or wanting to know what it means for your family.

This article explores when and why you might want to consider genetic counseling, what to expect during a session, how to find a qualified genetic counselor, and insights into insurance coverage.

When should I talk to a genetic counselor?

Genetic counseling can be scheduled before you undergo a genetic test if you have questions or wonder if testing is right for you. Most patients who schedule a genetic counseling appointment choose to do so after they’ve completed testing so they can discuss their results with an expert.

If any of the below apply, you may benefit from talking with a genetic counselor.

YYou received a positive result: It’s important to get (and understand) all the facts so you can make well-informed decisions about your medical care, like whether to get earlier or more frequent screenings, change medications or treatments, or adopt a new diet or exercise routine. A genetic counselor will walk you through your results and answer any questions so you know exactly what they mean and what you can do about them.

YYou’d like to know what your results mean for your family (and how to talk to them): Because genetic risk is inherited, others in your family might be affected. A genetic counselor can help you understand if your family members might have the same genetic risk. If they do, your genetic counselor can guide whether to share your results and help you talk to family members about considering testing. Even if you have a complicated relationship that makes communication difficult, they can help.

YYou’d like more clarity (even if your results are negative): It’s always a good idea to share them with your doctor, but a genetic counselor may offer additional detail and expertise — especially if you’re anxious or confused. They’ll even summarize what was discussed during your appointment (which you can give to your doctor, too).

What can I expect at a genetic counseling appointment?

Most genetic counseling appointments are between 30 and 60 minutes long and may be offered in person at your genetic counselor’s clinic via video conference or telephone. Genetic counselors tailor care to their patient's needs so that each appointment will differ slightly. In general, however, you can expect your genetic counselor to:

• review your personal and family medical history
• explain your results, so you know what they mean
• present your options (whatever you ultimately decide to do will always be up to you and your doctor)
• discuss lifestyle changes that may help you, based on your results
• identify family members who may also benefit from testing and help you figure out how to talk to them about your results

If beneficial, your genetic counselor may also:

• order additional genetic tests (if you haven’t tested yet or if other data are needed to confirm or expand on a diagnosis)
• refer you to other specialists, support services, or advocacy groups that can help you with any health challenges you may be facing

How do I find a genetic counselor?

You have a few ways to find a genetic counselor. You can:

• request a referral from your doctor (if they haven’t provided one already)
• search for a local genetic counselor using the National Society of Genetic Counselors Find a Genetic Counselor directory

Or, if you’re testing with Invitae, you can quickly make a phone appointment with board-certified genetic counselors by visiting this link.

Does insurance cover genetic counseling?

Insurance often covers genetic counseling, especially when your doctor recommends it. However, before testing, it’s a good idea to call your insurance company to confirm counseling coverage. You can likely use your HSA/FSA if your genetic counseling is not covered.

If you have undergone testing at Invitae for cancer or cardiology or have taken one of our proactive tests, you can schedule a post-test genetic counseling session at no additional charge.

To learn more, visit our genetic counseling resource page.